As we stated last week, many analysts have been feeling that QE2 was very likely, if we continue to see weak economic reports. But comments made by a number of Fed officials throughout the week indicated that QE2 may still be up in the air. For example, Atlanta Federal Reserve President Dennis Lockhart stated, "there is growing sentiment that further accommodation through large asset purchases is coming... but at this point in time, it's not a foregone conclusion that we need to go there." Those comments were followed by other similar comments from other Fed officials, including Philadelphia Fed President Charles Plosser, who doesn't support any further Bond buying. Additionally, Boston Fed President Eric Rosengren said that monetary stimulus will depend on economic data, while Minnesota Fed President Narayana Kocherlakota says new asset buying would have a more muted impact than prior purchases. This would indicate that at least a few Fed members are hesitant ab out a big QE2 package.
On the flip side, however, New York Fed President William Dudley said on Friday that the Fed is almost certain to lend support through Quantitative Easing in order to ensure that a slowing economy does not fall further. He gave an example of how a $500 Billion purchase plan might impact interest rates, stating that it would have a similar impact to a Fed rate cut of .50 to .75%... and although this was just an example, the fact that he mentioned a specific number was not lost on Traders. Mr. Dudley went on to say that he feels a double dip recession is not an issue, but rather the focus is on how the economy can grow faster than its current pace.
Those comments are important because the markets figured that QE2 would be a lock, unless the Fed sees stronger-than-expected economic data before its November 3rd meeting... specifically, employment data. But last week the analysts and investors were faced with uncertainty around the issue and were left sifting through comments to try to predict what the Fed will do. And that uncertainty caused traders to shift money back out of Bonds at different times last week.
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But what would another round of Quantitative Easing mean to Bonds and home loan rates?
Let’s break it down into four important aspects: (1) When would it happen? (2) How much money would it involve? (3) Why is this being contemplated? (4) And what does it mean to home loan rates?
First, as stated above, whether QE2 happens will be dependent upon the upcoming data releases. Many experts agree that if the Fed does make a move, it will most likely happen at the next Fed meeting, which is scheduled for November 3rd.
Second, the question of "how much" is still up in the air. As stated above, New York Fed President William Dudley gave an example of a $500 Billion purchase - but estimates are all over the board at this point, from $200 Billion to $2 Trillion. Yet the big question is whether QE2 will even do any good. Recently, former Fed Governor Larry Meyer felt that even $2 Trillion would hardly move the needle on GDP growth or reduce unemployment rates. In fact, he likens it to pushing on a string. Mr. Meyer's sentiments were also echoed last week by former Fed official Joe Gagnon, who estimated that the Fed is indeed likely to do at least $1 Trillion in additional QE, but that it would have little impact.
That brings us to the third question: Why even contemplate QE2? Think about this: a large round of QE2 would almost assuredly hurt the US Dollar. And by hurting the US Dollar, our exports become more affordable abroad, as well as making imports appear relatively more expensive. This helps large multi-national companies, which have a large influence on the economy, as well as the major Stock market indices. This could be the goal of the Fed. Ahh...but you can't outright say you are trying to weaken your currency. After all - haven't many members of Congress and the Administration been bashing China for currency manipulation? The US may be trying to do exactly what it has both denigrated and admonished other nations of doing.
In other words, even if QE2 didn’t have a direct impact on the economy, the drop in currency value - which, if you've been paying attention to the Dollar-Euro relationship, has already been happening - would be very beneficial. But at what cost? While Stocks should benefit, Bonds may have a different reaction.
And that brings us to the heart of what you need to know: What would QE2 mean to Bonds and home loan rates?
If the Fed does go through with another round of Quantitative Easing, Bond prices should - initially - improve for two reasons. First, Bonds would likely improve due to the soft economic data causing QE2. Second, Bonds would improve simply because the announcement of QE2 would include large Bond purchases. The key word is "initially." That’s because, even though Bonds would initially improve, the eventual softening of the Dollar, rising commodity prices, and rise in Stock prices could become a drag on Bonds, which would negatively impact home loan rates.
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