"BOTH OPTIMISTS AND PESSIMISTS CONTRIBUTE TO OUR SOCIETY. THE OPTIMIST INVENTS THE AIRPLANE, AND THE PESSIMIST - THE PARACHUTE." G.B. Stern.

The media's recent analysis of the economy has run the gamut of late, some optimism, some pessimism...but also some confusion as they attempt to decipher recent economic reports, particularly relating to the job market. Let's look at a few of the recent reports, and get behind the headlines to decipher what they really mean.

Last week's Initial Jobless Claims Report showed that 505,000 people filed for unemployment benefits, which was about what was expected, and represented a ten month low for the report. The Continuing Jobless Claims Report, which indicates the total number of people collecting unemployment benefits, fell by 39,000 to a total of 5.61 Million.

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Chart: Continuing Unemployment Claims

The media often spins this data as good news - but the labor market remains in exceptionally tough shape. The Continuing Claims number declining from a record high of 6.82M in June to last week's 5.61M is the result of only two potential things happening: People are finding jobs and no longer need unemployment benefits, or they have been unemployed for so long that their benefits are running out before they've been able to find a job. With a 10.2% Unemployment Rate looking like it will move higher still, it is most likely the latter. Another clear sign of a very troubled labor market was back on November 6th, when President Obama signed a bill that will extend unemployment benefits by an additional 20 weeks...there would be no reason to do this if jobs were being created.

In other news, October Retail Sales were weak overall, which is concerning for several reasons. One somewhat overlooked impact is that tax receipts from retail sales help both the individual states and the country as a whole. If the consumer doesn't spend - perhaps due to job loss or lower family income - and there are therefore less tax receipts from retailers, the government runs an ever-deeper budget deficit. The only way to get out of a deficit is to either raise other taxes or cut spending - and neither option is very popular. Many states are in poor fiscal shape because of soaring budgets and lower tax receipts.

There aren't any easy answers - but it's clear that the labor market needs to see some serious improvement for the economy to recover in a significant way.

"A STEP IN THE RIGHT DIRECTION...BUT DON'T PUSH YOUR LUCK."

Barbra Streisand obviously wasn't singing about Bond prices or interest rates in her 1980's song. But those lyrics were fitting last week when the Federal Reserve stepped in with more buying of Mortgage Backed Securities (MBS), helping Bond prices recover from news of a weak Treasury Auction. Overall, home loan rates bounced around last week and ended the week very slightly improved.

But that said, we can't "push our luck" and think the Fed will continue to step in and help support home loan rates...we have to remember that the Fed is actually winding down exactly this type of buying support.

As you can see from the chart below, the Federal Reserve's purchases of MBS peaked at an average of $25 Billion per week back in May - and they are getting closer every day to being done spending their allotment of $1.25 Trillion. Since they announced that their remaining purchases would be rationed out until the end of March 2010 - but that they wouldn't be making any additional purchases beyond the original commitment - the average purchases per week have been moving lower, down to $14 Billion per week so far in November.

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Chart: Fed's Purchase of Mortgage Backed Securities (Weekly Averages Per Month)

Why is this important? Because home loan rates are based on MBS - so when the Fed agreed to be a big buyer, it helped provide a market and helped keep MBS prices high and home loan rates low. So as the Fed's program wraps up and eventually stops, home loan rates are quite likely to be on the rise. So while rates are still very good, they may not be for long. Let's be sure to talk if you haven't yet explored how the current rate environment might benefit you or someone you know.

More employment news arrived, and it is interesting to hear the media and other experts proclaim it to be "all good news". Initial (or First Time) Jobless Claims came in at the lowest reading in 10 months and Continuing Unemployment Claims also fell lower as well - and at first blush, this seems to be very good news. But looking closer, we see that the lower Continuing Claims number was probably the result of unemployment benefits expiring before people could find work - rather than people dropping off of benefits because they found a job. Now that unemployment benefits have been extended by new legislation, we should get a more accurate look at how many people are actually unemployed.

"TIME IS MORE VALUABLE THAN MONEY. YOU CAN GET MORE MONEY, BUT YOU CANNOT GET MORE TIME." Jim Rohn.

And while this is certainly true, home buyers and folks receiving unemployment benefits both got the word that a bit more money and time is coming their way.

Just on Friday, President Obama signed into law a bill that extends unemployment benefits and the First Time Home Buyers tax credit, which is also being expanded to include benefits for homebuyers who aren't on the first time around buying a home. If purchasing a home is in the cards for you or anyone you know, you can get all the details of the homebuyer's tax credit in this week's Mortgage Market Guide View article below. But first, here are a few additional highlights from last week...including important job market news.

Last week's official Jobs Report showed that there were 190,000 jobs lost in October, higher than the 175,000 job losses that were widely expected. In addition, as you can see in the chart below, the Unemployment Rate rose to 10.2%, quite a bit higher than the 9.9% expected, and the highest Unemployment level since 1983.

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Chart: Unemployment Rate

While this number is bad, what is even more concerning is the "real" unemployment rate being closer to 17.5%. This includes those who have not searched for a job for at least four weeks, known as "discouraged or detached" workers, as well as those desiring full time work but having to settle for part time, the "underemployed". The only ray of sunshine within this anemic report were the upward revisions for August and September, showing 91,000 fewer jobs lost than previously reported.

Let's remember, in order to just keep up with population growth - or to keep the ranks of the unemployed from rising - there must be 125,000 jobs created each month. So the latest report of 190,000 jobs lost, really means we have fallen behind by 315,000 jobs, just last month.

In other news, Pending Home Sales for October were reported up 6.1%, mostly attributable to First Time Home Buyers rushing to get into contract before the original November 30, 2009 expiration date for the $8,000 tax credit - again, see below for details on the tax credit extension and expansion. Also last week, the Fed issued its latest Policy Statement without any big changes or surprises.

"Don't believe the hype!"

The words from Public Enemy's hit song title rang true once again last week when the Commerce Department reported the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for the 3rd Quarter. As you can see from the chart below, GDP rose by 3.5% for the first gain in a year and the strongest reading in two years.

While most media outlets were giddy about the news and started the hype that the recession is behind us, it's important to remember that there's more to the economic data than just the headlines.

The temporary "Cash for Clunkers" program has now expired, but was a big part of last quarter's GDP gain. If we remove it from the total, the reading would have been a more modest 1.9%. But there is even more to the rise in the latest GDP number that is just temporary...

Also bolstering the economy has been the $8,000 first-time homebuyer tax credit - which is set to expire at the end of this month. Many home buyers have been taking advantage of this program - and wisely so.

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Chart: US Gross Domestic Product (By Quarter)

New Home Sales were reported last week, showing a 7.5-month supply of inventory. While that number is slightly worse than last month's 7.3 reading, it's still a big improvement from where we were in January. Back in January, inventory levels reached a high of 12.4-month supply! The improvement in housing inventories has been due in large part to the $8,000 First Time Homebuyer Tax Credit, which is set to expire on November 30.

There is a real possibility of an extension of this program through a proposed Bill, but it is not yet a certainty. The extension Bill still must be reconciled between the House and Senate, and then voted on for final approval. Under the current extension proposal, sales with signed purchase agreements by April 30th that close before June 30^th, 2010 would qualify for the credit.

Another positive element would be the possible addition of $6,500 tax credit for other primary home purchasers, meaning the tax credit would no longer be limited only to first-time homebuyers. There is also a possibility that qualifying income limits could increase from $75,000 to $125,000 for singles, and from $150,000 to $250,000 for joint tax filers.